Ssh Keygen Create Public Key Linux
With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create virtual machines (VMs) in Azure that use SSH keys for authentication. This article shows you how to quickly generate and use an SSH public-private key file pair for Linux VMs. You can complete these steps with the Azure Cloud Shell, a macOS, or a Linux host.
Ssh Keygen Create Public Key Linux
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Use the ssh-keygen command to generate SSH public and private key files. By default, these files are created in the /.ssh directory. You can specify a different location, and an optional password (passphrase) to access the private key file. If an SSH key pair with the same name exists in the given location, those files are overwritten.
If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM with the az vm create command, you can optionally generate SSH public and private key files using the --generate-ssh-keys option. The key files are stored in the /.ssh directory unless specified otherwise with the --ssh-dest-key-path option. If an ssh key pair already exists and the --generate-ssh-keys option is used, a new key pair won't be generated but instead the existing key pair will be used. In the following command, replace VMname and RGname with your own values:
The public key that you place on your Linux VM in Azure is by default stored in /.ssh/id_rsa.pub, unless you specified a different location when you created the key pair. To use the Azure CLI 2.0 to create your VM with an existing public key, specify the value and optionally the location of this public key using the az vm create command with the --ssh-key-values option. In the following command, replace myVM, myResourceGroup, UbuntuLTS, azureuser, and mysshkey.pub with your own values:
If you specified a passphrase when you created your key pair, enter that passphrase when prompted during the sign-in process. The VM is added to your /.ssh/known_hosts file, and you won't be asked to connect again until either the public key on your Azure VM changes or the server name is removed from /.ssh/known_hosts.
user@localhost: ssh-keygen -t rsaGenerating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/home/youruser/.ssh/id_rsa):Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):Enter same passphrase again:Your identification has been saved in id_rsa.Your public key has been saved in id_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:16:8e:e8:f2:1d:c9:b9:cf:43:9a:b3:3c:c1:1f:95:93 user@localhost
With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create a Linux virtual machine that uses SSH keys for authentication. This article shows you how to create and use an SSH RSA public-private key file pair for SSH client connections.
When you create an Azure VM by specifying the public key, Azure copies the public key (in the .pub format) to the /.ssh/authorized_keys folder on the VM. SSH keys in /.ssh/authorized_keys ensure that connecting clients present the corresponding private key during an SSH connection. In an Azure Linux VM that uses SSH keys for authentication, Azure disables the SSH server's password authentication system and only allows for SSH key authentication. By creating an Azure Linux VM with SSH keys, you can help secure the VM deployment and save yourself the typical post-deployment configuration step of disabling passwords in the sshd_config file.
To create the keys, a preferred command is ssh-keygen, which is available with OpenSSH utilities in the Azure Cloud Shell, a macOS or Linux host, and Windows (10 & 11). ssh-keygen asks a series of questions and then writes a private key and a matching public key.
SSH keys are by default kept in the /.ssh directory. If you do not have a /.ssh directory, the ssh-keygen command creates it for you with the correct permissions. An SSH key is created as a resource and stored in Azure for later use.
The following ssh-keygen command generates 4096-bit SSH RSA public and private key files by default in the /.ssh directory. If an existing SSH key pair is found in the current location, those files are overwritten.
The key pair name for this article. Having a key pair named id_rsa is the default; some tools might expect the id_rsa private key file name, so having one is a good idea. The directory /.ssh/ is the default location for SSH key pairs and the SSH config file. If not specified with a full path, ssh-keygen creates the keys in the current working directory, not the default /.ssh.
If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM, you can optionally generate both public and private SSH key files by running the az vm create command with the --generate-ssh-keys option. The keys are stored in the /.ssh directory. Note that this command option does not overwrite keys if they already exist in that location, such as with some pre-configured Compute Gallery images.
To create a Linux VM that uses SSH keys for authentication, provide your SSH public key when creating the VM using the Azure portal, CLI, Resource Manager templates, or other methods. When using the portal, you enter the public key itself. If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM with an existing public key, specify the value or location of this public key by running the az vm create command with the --ssh-key-value option.
If you provided a passphrase when you created your key pair, enter the passphrase when prompted during the sign-in process. (The server is added to your /.ssh/known_hosts folder, and you won't be asked to connect again until the public key on your Azure VM changes or the server name is removed from /.ssh/known_hosts.)
Next up is to create Azure Linux VMs using the new SSH public key. Azure VMs that are created with an SSH public key as the sign-in are better secured than VMs created with the default sign-in method, passwords.
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